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# Instances: 107 / # Attributes: 13
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Original Data Format
arff
Name
bridges-version2
Version mldata
0
Comment

  1. Title: Pittsburgh bridges

  2. Sources: -- Yoram Reich & Steven J. Fenves Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Design Research Center Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213

    Compiled from various sources.

-- Donor: Yoram Reich (yoram.reich@cs.cmu.edu) -- Date: 1 August 1990

  1. Past Usage:

-- Reich & Fenves (1989). Incremental Learning for Capturing Design Expertise. Technical Report: EDRC 12-34-89, Engineering Design Research Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA. -- Qualitative results and runs with original ordering of examples. using COBWEB.

-- Reich (1989). Converging to Ideal'' Design Knowledge by Learning, Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Formal Methods in Engineering Design, pp: 330-349, Colorado Springs, CO, January 1990. -- Describes a new design method with Bridger (variant of COBWEB) using this domain. (Also an EDRC report: 12-35-89)

-- Reich (1989) Combining Nominal and Continuous Properties in an Incremental Learning System for Design. Technical Report: EDRC 12-33-89. -- Comparison of performance of Bridger when running on both versions (V1 and V2) of the database

-- Reich (1989) Incremental Concept Formation with Mixed Property Types Unpublished Manuscript. -- Results using 10 random 10-fold cross-validation test with Bridger (relative error rate): Version V1 of the database: MATERIAL 18.4%, REL-L 38.7%, SPAN 42.7%, T-OR-D 14.7%, TYPE 47.6%. Version V2 of the database: MATERIAL 24.2%, REL-L 41.7%, SPAN 39.9%, T-OR-D 14.7%, TYPE 56.5%.

-- Quinlan (1989) Personal communication. -- Results of a 10-fold cross-validation test with C4.5, and with a separate decision tree for each design property obtained the following error rates on version V1 of the database: MATERIAL 15%, REL-L 32%, SPAN 32%, T-OR-D 15%, TYPE 44%.

  1. Number of instances: 108

  2. Relevant Information:

There are two versions to the database: V1 contains the original examples and V2 contains descriptions after discretizing numeric properties.

There are no classes'' in the domain. Rather this is a DESIGN domain where 5 properties (design description) need to be predicted based on 7 specification properties.

  1. Number of Attributes: 13: 7 specifications, 5 design description, and 1 identifier (not used for the classification)

  2. Attribute Information:

The type field state whether a property is continuous/integer (c) or nominal (n). For properties with c,n type, the range of continuous numbers is given first and the possible values of the nominal follow the semi-colon. 

   name     type    possible values     comments

1. IDENTIF - - identifier of the examples 2. RIVER n A, M, O 3. LOCATION n 1 to 52 4. ERECTED c,n 1818-1986 ; CRAFTS, EMERGING, MATURE, MODERN 5. PURPOSE n WALK, AQUEDUCT, RR, HIGHWAY 6. LENGTH c,n 804-4558 ; SHORT, MEDIUM, LONG 7. LANES c,n 1, 2, 4, 6 ; 1, 2, 4, 6 8. CLEAR-G n N, G 9. T-OR-D n THROUGH, DECK 10. MATERIAL n WOOD, IRON, STEEL 11. SPAN n SHORT, MEDUIM, LONG 12. REL-L n S, S-F, F 13. TYPE n WOOD, SUSPEN, SIMPLE-T, ARCH, CANTILEV, CONT-T

  1. More complicated attributes:

One can use a hierarchical structure for the Type property. There are two options. 

option 1 (use examples without modification)
    --------

        Type 
     /      /        \     \
   /       /          \      \
wood    suspen      arch    truss
                   /  |    \
                 /    |      \
            cantilev  cont-t   simple

option 2 (requires changes in the Type property - specified bellow)
--------

            Type 

     /      /        |              \   
    /     /          |               \
    wood   suspen   arch              truss
            / \            /  |  \    \
              /     \        /    |   \ \
        tied-a    not-tied  cantilev cont-t simple arch-t

Change the Type  property of the following examples (in both V1 and V2):
    E28   ->  arch-t
    E91,E90,E84,E83,E73  -> tied-a
    E97,E78,E77,E75,E66,E64,E43  -> not-tied
  1. Missing Attribute Values: Attribute #: # instances with missing values: 2 1 6 27 7 16 8 2 9 6 10 2 11 16 12 5 13 3

Information about the dataset CLASSTYPE: nominal CLASSINDEX: no

Names
IDENTIF,RIVER,LOCATION,ERECTED,PURPOSE,LENGTH,LANES,CLEAR-G,T-OR-D,MATERIAL,
Types
  1. nominal:E1,E10,E100,E101,E102,E103,E105,E107,E107N,E108,E109,E11,E12,E13,E14,E15,E16,E17,E18,E19,E2,E20,E21,E22,E23,E24,E25,E26,E27,E28,E29,E3,E30,E31,E32,E33,E34,E35,E36,E37,E38,E39,E4,E40,E41,E42,E43,E44,E45,E46,E47,E48,E49,E5,E50,E51,E52,E53,E54,E55,E56,E57,E58,E59,E6,E60,E61,E62,E63,E64,E65,E66,E67,E68,E69,E7,E70,E71,E72,E73,E74,E75,E76,E77,E78,E79,E8,E80,E81,E82,E83,E84,E85,E86,E87,E88,E89,E9,E90,E91,E92,E93,E94,E95,E96,E97,E98,E99
  2. nominal:A,M,O,Y
  3. nominal:1,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,2,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,3,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,38.5,39,39.5,39.7,4,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,5,51,52,6,7,8,9
  4. nominal:CRAFTS,EMERGING,MATURE,MODERN
  5. nominal:WALK,AQUEDUCT,RR,HIGHWAY
  6. nominal:SHORT,MEDIUM,LONG
  7. nominal:1,2,4,6
  8. nominal:N,G
  9. nominal:THROUGH,DECK
  10. nominal:WOOD,IRON,STEEL
Data (first 10 data points)
    IDEN... RIVER LOCA... EREC... PURP... LENGTH LANES CLEA... T-OR-D MATE... ...
    E1 M 3.0 CRAFTS HIGH... nan 2.0 N THRO... WOOD ...
    E2 A 25.0 CRAFTS HIGH... MEDIUM 2.0 N THRO... WOOD ...
    E3 A 39.0 CRAFTS AQUE... nan 1.0 N THRO... WOOD ...
    E5 A 29.0 CRAFTS HIGH... MEDIUM 2.0 N THRO... WOOD ...
    E6 M 23.0 CRAFTS HIGH... nan 2.0 N THRO... WOOD ...
    E7 A 27.0 CRAFTS HIGH... SHORT 2.0 N THRO... WOOD ...
    E8 A 28.0 CRAFTS AQUE... MEDIUM 1.0 N THRO... IRON ...
    E9 M 3.0 CRAFTS HIGH... MEDIUM 2.0 N THRO... IRON ...
    E10 A 39.0 CRAFTS AQUE... nan 1.0 N DECK WOOD ...
    E11 A 29.0 CRAFTS HIGH... MEDIUM 2.0 N THRO... WOOD ...
    ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Description

A gzip'ed tar containing UCI and UCI KDD datasets (uci-20070111.tar.gz, 17,952,832 Bytes)

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    http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mlearn/MLRepository.html http://kdd.ics.uci.edu/
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    revision 1
    by mldata on 2010-11-06 09:58

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